The Lincoln MKZ uses electric power steering (EPAS) on the later models, while the early first-generation cars relied on hydraulic power steering. In practice, model years around 2013 and newer predominantly feature EPAS.
Overview of power steering in the MKZ
Power steering technology determines how much effort is required to turn the steering wheel. The MKZ’s transition from hydraulic to electric steering aligned with the model’s mid-cycle refresh, bringing EPAS into the lineup and changing maintenance and driving feel for many owners.
Adoption timeline by model year
Here's a concise timeline to help identify which MKZs have electric power steering:
- 2006–2012 Lincoln MKZ: Hydraulic power steering (HPS)
- 2013–2020 Lincoln MKZ: Electric power steering (EPAS)
In summary, the switch to EPAS occurred with the 2013 redesign, and virtually all subsequent MKZ models use electric steering.
How to identify whether your MKZ has EPAS
Use these practical checks on a specific vehicle to confirm the system type:
- Under-hood inspection: Hydraulic PS systems have a power steering fluid reservoir and a belt-driven pump with hoses. If you don’t see a dedicated fluid reservoir or a hydraulic pump, it’s likely EPAS.
- Steering feel: EPAS often provides variable assist—lighter at low speeds and potentially firmer at higher speeds—while hydraulic systems tend to have a more constant level of assist across speeds. Feel can vary by year and tuning.
- VIN or documentation: The vehicle’s VIN, window sticker, or dealer documentation typically notes whether EPAS is installed.
- Owner’s manual: Look for references to electric power steering or EPAS in the manual’s power steering section.
If you’re unsure, a Lincoln dealer or qualified technician can verify the system using the vehicle’s VIN and service diagrams.
Why the change matters
Electric power steering offers benefits such as improved fuel efficiency (no engine-driven pump), quieter operation, and the potential for integration with other electronic systems for enhanced steering feel and assist algorithms. On MKZ models, this shift also aligns with broader Ford family trends toward EPAS across the lineup.
Summary
Most modern Lincoln MKZs (2013–2020) use electric power steering, while earlier models (2006–2012) relied on hydraulic power steering. To determine your specific vehicle’s type, check under the hood for a hydraulic pump and fluid reservoir, review the VIN/owner documentation, or consult a dealer. As a rule, if your MKZ is a 2013 or newer model, you’re very likely dealing with EPAS.